Telemetering system



Dec. 17, 1940. w ZEGENBEIN 2,225,363

TELEMETERING SYSTEM Filed 001;. 21, 1938 T0 A-C. SOURCE 0 /2 TOUTILIZATION CIRCUIT CONTRD 2/ SOURCE OF QUANTITY TO BE Z4 1 MEASURED. a

72! M, RATIO TYPE 28 I MEASURING msmunem. POWER A;

RESPDNSIVE l7 VALVE Z Tmme L6 25 CONTROL.

7-0 To A.C. SOURCE D I A? Fig.4.

4 VOLTAGE To RATIO BIAS POTENTIAL RESPONSIVE CONTROL.

DEVICE.

Fig. 5. a?

BIAS POTENTIAL Xi??? g E EOEMOTE RESP N IV CONTROL RESPONSIVE vE c V0 $1 139? 33' VALVE 56 TIMING Inventor: 41 59 WIIheIm Znegenbem, I To 7 a 43 'f' }urluzwnou by E g cmcun' HIS Attorney.

Patented Dec. 17, 1940 UNITED STATES TELEMETERING SYSTEM Wilhelm Ziegenbein, Berlin, Germany, assignor to General Electric Company, a corporation oi New York Application October 21, 1938, Serial No. 236,363 In Germany November 13, 1931 My invention relates to systems in which a voltage having alternating and continuous components is provided from an alternating-current source. The invention relates particularly to systems of this character wherein a'voltage supplied to a utilization circuit and having alternating and continuous components is produced from an alternating-current source by means including electric valve devices, for example, are discharge devices functioning as valve means.

In accordance with my invention two transformers having different high output voltages and connected in opposed relation on the secondary side are supplied from the alternating-current source, and an electric valve connected in parallel with the secondary of one of the transformers is arranged to short circuit the latter secondary during one-half of the supply voltage wave or during a portion of the half wave.

The novel features which are considered to be characteristic of my invention are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. My invention itself, however, both as to its organization and method of operation together with further objects and advantages thereof may best be understood by reference to the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing wherein Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of my invention in its broadest aspect; Flgs.-2 and 3 illustrate respectively the application of my invention to a telemetering system and toe system for testing certain apparatus such as a current transformer; Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate an application of the invention to remote control uses; and Fig 6 is a diagrammatic representation of a modification of my invention.

Referring to Fig. 1 the circuit arrangement" in accordance with my invention illustrated therein includes two transformers ill and II having primaries l2 and I3 supplied in parallel from an alternating-current source and secondaries l4 and I5 arranged in opposing relation. The transformers l and II arewound for different high terminal voltages which may be adjusted to desired magnitudes by any suitable transformer regulating means. An electric valve means designated by the numeral I6 is connected in parallel with one of the secondaries, for example, with secondary l5. Preferably, but not necessarily. the valve means is connected across the secondary of that one of the transformers, H in the present case, which has the lower winding ratio. Thevalve-means' "preferably comprises a space discharge device 'I'I includingmeans indicated generally by the numeral It for controlling the potential applied to control electrode l9 and thereby controlling the discharge, or the initiation of the discharge in device ll during the positive half wave of the voltage supplied from the alternating-current source to transformer I l. The secondaries It and i5, in series, are connected through leads 20 and II to any desired utilization circuit.

In operation of the system illustrated in Fig. 1, voltage from the alternating-current source is impressed on the primaries of transformers l0 and l I. Since the secondaries it and I! are connected in opposing relation and since the secondary voltages oi'the two transformers are of dif ferent value, an alternating voltage which is the resultant of the two secondary voltages exists between the opposite secondary terminals 22 and 23 of the transformers and in the entire circuit n including the utilization circuit. The magnitude of this alternating voltage is determined by the diiference in voltage ratio of the two transformers.

If now the valve timing control means It which is preferably adjustable is so adjusted as to make the valve device I'I conducting, this device then. short circuits the secondary iii. The timing control may be so adjusted as to make the valvev conducting during all or a portion of each positive .half wave of the alternating supply voltage.

The magnitude of the short circuit current in secondary l5 may be limited to a required amount inany suitable manner, as by increasing the leakage of the transformer II. The length of the. period at each positive half wave of voltage in secondary I5 during which the device I1 is conductive and therefore effective to short circuit the secondary i5 is thus determined by the adjustment of the valve timing means It, which controls the potential of control electrode II.

The wave form of the alternating voltage due to secondary I! of the transformer II is therefore distorted at each positive'half wave of the latter voltage by reason of the short-circuiting of secondary l5 by the valve I! which causes the voltage from secondary IE to become substantially zero during all or a portion of this half wave period. correspondingly, the above-mentioned alternating voltage which is the resultant of the voltages produced by the opposed secondaries It and I5, is distorted. It is only on one side of the I zero line, in the present case the positive side,

that the half waves of the voltage dueto secondary i5 are suppressedwholly or in part by the short circuiting means.

The above-mentioned resultant voltage therefore contains a continuous voltage component the magnitude of which is regulated as desired by means of the valve timing control. The output 7 alternating voltage of either of the transformers III and II may also be changed as desired by the provision of suitable transformer regulating means.

In Fig. 2 the numeral 24 designates the source. for example a'po'werstation, of a given quantity to be measured which may be the power output of the station. The powersource 24 may supply the transformers I8 and II through lines 25. The valve timing control, means 28 controls the space discharge device Il through the control electrode I9, being adapted to be energized. in accordance with the voltage and power output of power source 24. The voltage in the utilization circuit 21 therefore contains alternating and continuous voltage components, the continuous voltage component varying in response to the power output of source 24. A measuring instrument. of any suitable form adapted for indication in response to the ratio between the alternating and continuous voltage components of a voltage impressed on the instrument is connected in the utilization circuit 21. Any changeiin the quantity to be measured at 24, in the present case any change in the power output of a power station, is then indicated by the instrument 28.

The system illustrated inFig. 2 may be used for telemetering purposes. For example, if between two power stations normally supplying separate networks a shift of the power supply of a given network from one power station to another is required under certain'conditions, the arrange-'- ment illustrated in Fig. 2 may be utilized for in-' dicating at one station the power conditions at the other station. The measuring instrument 28 40 may be placed for'this purpose at a station (not shown) remote from the other station designated by 24, the two transformers I8 and II and the valve means being located, as illustrated, at this latter station. The power conditions at the sta- 45 tion 24 may then be continuously supervised from the remote station by reference to the instrument In Fig. 3 the transformers I and II are adapted to be supplied from an alternating-current 0 source through a'switch 29. A voltage containing alternating and continuous voltage components is supplied to a utilization circuit 38 by means of transformers I5 and I I, and valve means It comprising space discharge device I'I cono5 trolled by the valve timing adjusting device I8.

all in the same manner as setforth in connection with Fig. l. The output voltage of one of the transformers, as transformer III, is preferably made adjustable as by adjustable means 3| for so the primary I2. In the utilization circuit 38 is connected an apparatus 32 to be tested which is of a type of apparatus in which an alternating current ordinarily flows which contains a direct current component. Such an apparatus may be, 05 for example, a current transformer. By changing the ratio of transformer III by adjusting means 3| and by controlling the short circuiting effect of valve means It on secondary I5 of transformer I I by the valve timing adjusting de- 70 vice I8. any desired ratio of the continuous voltage component to the alternating voltage component in the voltage impressed on the apparatus 32 which is to be tested, and any desired magnitude of these components may be readily ob- 75 tained.

In Fig. 4 a remotecontrol apparatus indicated generally by the numeral 38 is connected in the utilization circuit 84 of a system identical with that illustrated in' Fig.1 for supplying a voltage comprising alternating and continuous voltage components to a utilization circuit. The remote control apparatus 38 comprises a device 35 responsive to the ratio between the alternating and continuous voltage components in the utilization circuit 34, and a space discharge device or ampliiier 38, the output circuit of which is connected to any desired remote control circuit and the input circuit of which including the control electrode 31 is adapted to have impressed thereon a bias potential in response to the voltage component ratio determined by ratio responsive device 35. In the system shown in Fig. 4 the bias potential impressed on control electrode 31 is controlled from ratio responsive device 35 through the medium of mechanical means indicated conventionally by 38.

Fig. 5 illustrates a system for remote control which is identical in all respects with the system illustrated in Fig. 4 except that in Fig. 5 the bias 'potential impressed on control electrode 31 of space discharge device 36 is controlled from ratio responsive device 35 by any suitable electrical means designated conventionally by 39 connected to device 35 by leads 40. p

In operation of the systems illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5, by suitable adjustment of the valve tuning control I8 and, if desired, of theoutput voltage of either of the transformers I0 and II, the discharge in space discharge device or amplifier 36 is controlled through the voltage ratio responsive device 35 and the bias control means 38 or 39. The output of space discharge device 35 which supplies any desired remote controlled device is, therefore, correspondingly adjusted.

Application of my present invention is not restricted only to the system disclosed herein in which the transformers are single phase. By including other transformer and valve means the invention may be applied to systems including any desired poiyphase transformer or similar arrangements.

Fig. 6 illustrates a three phase system in accordance with the invention. Two three-phase transformers H and 42 are provided having primaries 43 and 44 supplied in parallel from a three phase alternating current source, and having secondaries 45 and 45, the individual windings of one secondary, as 41, 48 and 49 of secondary 45, being respectively in opposed relation with the correspondingewindings 50, 5| and 52 of the other secondary 46. The transformers H and 42 are wound for different terminal voltages as in the case of the transformers of, Fig. 1. Electric -valve means 53, 54 and 55 are connected respectively in parallel with the windings of one of the secondaries, as, in the present instance, with the windings 50, 5I and 52 of secondary 46. A means indicated generally by the numeral 56 is provided for controlling the potentials applied to the control electrodes of the valves, and thereby controllingthe discharge, or the initiation of the dischargein the valves during positive halfwaves of the voltage supplied from the alternating current source to the transformer 42. The pairs of secondary windings in series, 41 and 50, 48 and 5|, and 48 and 52, are connected through leads 51, 58 and 59 to any desired utilization cir cult. Operation of the system illustrated in Fig. 6 will be readily understood from the hereinabove description of operation of the system illustrated in Fig. 1.

' My invention has been described herein in particular embodiments for purposes of illustration. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is susceptible of various changes and modifications and that by the appended claims- I intend to cover any such modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of my invention.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In combination, two transformers each having a secondary winding, means to connect said secondary windings in. series,'means to produce opposing alternating voltages of different magnitude in said secondary windings, an electric valve means connected across one of said secondary windings and adapted to short circuit said one of the windings, and means to cause said valve to become conductive during at least a portion of a half cycle of each voltage cycle in said one of said secondary windings whereby the voltage in said one of said windings is reduced during said portion. v

2. In combination, two transformers each having a secondary winding, means to connect said secondary windings in series, means to produce opposing alternating voltages of difierent magnitude in said secondary windings, an electric discharge device having an anode-cathode circuit and a control electrode, said anode-cathode circuit being connected across one of said secondary windings, and means to cause said device to become conductive during at least a portion of a half cycle of each voltage cycle in said one of said secondary windings including means to control a potential imprwsed on said control electrode.

3. In combination, a source of an electric quantity to be measured, two transformers each having a secondary winding, means to connect said secondary windings in a circuit including said a ary windings, means responsive to said quantity to be measured to cause said valve to be conductive during at least a portion of a half cycle of the voltage in said one of said secondary windings whereby the voltage in said circuit includes an alternating component and a continuous component, and measuring means connected in said circuit responsive to the ratio between said components.

combination, an alternating-current source, two transformers each having a secondary winding, means to energize said transformers from said source, means to connect said secondary windings in series, said transformers being so arranged that the output voltages thereof are source, two transformers each having a secondary winding, means to energize said transformers from said source, means to connect said secondary windings in series, said transformers being so arranged that the output voltages thereof are of difierent magnitude and in opposition, an electric valve means connected across one of said secondary windings, means to cause said valve means to become conductive during at least a portion of a half cycle of each voltage cycle in said one of said secondary windings thereby to produce a voltage having alternating and continuous components, and an apparatus adapted to supply power to 'a remote control circuit. said apparatus including means connected in series with said secondary windings and responsive to the ratio between said alternating and continuous components, a space discharge device including a control electrode connected to said remote control v circuit, and means in operative relation with said ratio responsive means to control the potentials impressed on said electrode in accordance with Said ratio.

WILHEIM ZIEGENBEIN. 

